The First Gok-Turk Khanate            

 

       The "ethnical" point of view in Central Asia in the 6th and 9th centuries was as follows:

 

1- Töles (Tölös, Tölis, Tie,le in Chinese): the most crowded Turkish group had spread out in Central Asia. It is not true to accept all those groups having Turkish origins, spread from the Lake Baikal to the Black Sea. For example, it is known that those living in the west (the Alans) were Iranians. Wu-hun (Ugor) had been a group from Ural. It is stated that names of the Töles groups, even though they are not completely analysed yet, have the origins from the Huns and probably their language and habits are the same with the Gok-Turks. According to some of the Chinese registers, in the period of Tabgaçs (363-534), Kao-kü, some groups of Töles, defined them originated from the wolf father as the other Turks since they were using the carriages with the high wheels.

 

2- Tarduş: in the first quarter of the 7th century, had been a group from the tribe of Töles. They were known as being the richest and the bravest of the Töles', living between the River of Orkhun and mounts Altay.

 

3- Uygurs: they lived in the north of the River of Tola.

 

4- On-Oks: they lived in the wide area from the west of Altays to Seynah (Sır-derya). They were known as "West Gok-Turks". Türgişs and Karluks originated from To'lus. Besides, in the same area, some of the Turkish tribes known as Cuyüe and Ç'u-mi, in the following years to 630, during the interregnum period of the Gok-Turks Khanate, lived in the dry steppes near Beşbalık and were named as Turks of Şa-t'o (Turks of desert).

 

5- Basmıls: it is claimed that the root of this tribe, although its king Idukut was Turkish, had been foreign. They generally lived in Beşbalık region in Central Asia.

 

6- Kirgizhs: they were in the region of the fountain of the River of Yenisey, in the west of Baikal.

 

7- Oğuzs: they lived in the region of the River of Selenga and Ötüken.

 

8- K'itan, Tatabi, Nine-Tatars: the tribes from the Mongol root such as Oğuz and Tatars, lived in the east region near the River of Onon and in Kerulen.
However, in should be remembered that all of those tribes changed their places from time to time; those separated tribes formed new ones.