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Karakoyunlu State
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Karakoyunlu State had established dominion in the Eastern
and Southeastern Anatolia, the Caucasus, Iran and Iraq and even in the region of Herat for
a specific period between the first half of the century XIV and the last quarter of the
century XV. Karakoyunlu State has been a large Turkmen confederation that united various
Oguz communities within its structure. The name of Karakoyunlu that had been the name of a
Turkmen group in the beginning turned into a political name for a great empire and for all
the Turkmens within the structure of the great empire.
Although it has been alleged that the name of Karakoyunlu tribe was
related with their totem of sheep, this name must have been related with the colour of the
sheep herds pertaining to these people since it was prohibited to eat the meat of the
animal that was considered as totem in the ancient Turks. Karakoyunlu tribe was one of the
principal branches of Eastern Turkmens that set in motion pursuant to the decline of the
Mongolian domination. We do not have any definite information about the specific tribe
that the Karakoyunlu people were member of among 24 Oguz tribes. In the researches carried
out upon this issue, it has been emphasised that this tribe could be a member of Tıva or
Yazır tribe although it has not been certified as definite yet.
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