Harezmi is a Muslim Turkish scientist who lived in
9th century and wrote the first book on algebra. Harezmi was born in Harezm in 780. He
went to Baghdad, the center of science of his times, afterwards. He had the opportunity to
examine the mathematics and astronomy resources when Abbasi Caliph Me'mun vend the
administration of the library he established in Baghdad (Darülhikme) in him. Harezmi, who served in Darülhikme,
the science academy in Baghdad conducted valuable studies on mathematics, astronomy and
geography fields. Harezmi determined the rules and methods of solving first and second
degree equations with analytic method and equations with one unknown with algebra and
geometric methods. Harezmi, who used the number zero for the first time in mathematics,
put forward algebra in a methodical and systematic manner. He systemized the subjects
pertaining to algebra before him for the first time under the name 'algebra'.
Harezmi wrote many
books on mathematics, astronomy and geography. He gathered his calculations pertaining to
the diameter of the earth under his book named Kitâbu Sûreti'l-Arz. Harezmi, explaining
the source of Nile, corrected the astronomical tables of Batlamius. In his book named Zîcü'l-Harezmî
where he placed his examinations with regard to solar eclipse and lunar eclipse, he gave
the trigonometry information and tables required for astronomy.
Harezmi died in
Baghdad in 850.
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