Chuvashistan is located
on the right side of Idyll over the Middle Idyll and it is within the boundaries of the
Russian Federation. It is surrounded with Mari Autonomous Republic and the Gorki region of
the Russian Federation in the North and northwest, Tataristan in the east, the Ulyanovsk
region connected to the Russian Federation on the south, Mordva Autonomous Republic on the
southwest, and the Arzamas region connected to the Federation on the west. Its geography
is not so wide. It has a total surface area of 18.300 km2. The distance between the south
and the north is 190 km. while the distance between the west and the east is 160 km. Its
narrowest point is 80 km. It is located in the most West End of the uninterrupted Turkish
geography on the north and it is on the European side of the Ural Mountains. Its distance
from Moscow is 600 km.
Its population is 1.453.000. 60% of the
population (810.200) lives in cities. It takes the fourth sequence in the Russian
Federation in respect of the number of persons per km2. This average is 8.7 persons for
Russian Federation. There are 9 cities, 8 centres of population of city type, 21 towns
(kolkhozes), and 1727 villages in Chuvashistan. There are more than 55 nations that live
in the Republic. The rates of these nations in the population are as follows: Chuvash
people with the rate of 67.8%, Russians with 26.7%, Tatars with 2.7%, Mordva people with
1.4%, and the other nations with the residual rate of 1.4%.Its principal cities and their
populations are as follows: 442.000 people in the Capital Supashkar (Çeboksan), 121.000
people in Şini Supashkar (New Şubaşkar) with 10 km. distance from Supashkar, 57.000
people in Kanaş, 48.000 people in Ulatır, 43.000 people in Şimirle, 13.000 people in
Kuslavkka, 11.000 people in Sintirvirri, 11.000 people in Şirpü, and 11.000 people in
Yedime.
Of the people
that live in the Capital Supashkar, there are Chuvash people with the rate of 61.6%,
Russians with the rate of 34.5%, and the other nations with the residual rate of 3.9%.Of
the population, 906.900 people that matches to the rate of 49.2% lives in Chuvashistan
while the people with the rate of 51.8% live in the other republics and regions that are
the neighbours of Chuvashistan. Apart from Chuvashistan, Chuvash people live in
Tataristan, Bashkiria, Samara, Ulyanovsk, Orenburg and Siberia (Tyumen).
Chuvashistan is on the east of the Russian plain located on the forest and forest-steppe
zone. Most of its lands are located on the right banks of the middle bed of the River
Idyll, between the Rivers of Shura and Sviyaga; and a little part is located on the left
banks of Idyll. The altitude on the left side of Idyll is 100 m. the altitude on the right
banks is 244 m for the southwest part and 239 meter for the southeast part. The portion of
Chuvashistan that is located in the east of Shura River is also called as Chuvash plateau.
There are several riverbeds in the northern part that extends to Idyll and Shura valleys.
There are some wavy plains in the west of Shura River.
The biggest
river that passes through Chuvashistan is Idyll. Idyll passes through the north and
northeast regions of Chuvashistan. The portion of Idyll with the length of 127 km. is
within the boundaries of Chuvashistan lands. Sura and Tsivilsk rivers run into the River
Idyll in the lands of Chuvashistan. The second biggest river that passes through
Chuvashistan is the River Shura and its portion with the length of 230 km. waters the
lands of Chuvashistan. Its waterbed is so large. The southeast part of Chuvashistan is
alimented by the branches of Sviyaga River.
Agriculture is
made in 50% of the lands of Chuvashistan. There are wide forests on the left banks of
Idyll. The tree that is the most frequent one in the region is the pine tree. There are
oak, beech and lime trees apart from pines around the River Shura. There are oak forests
on the banks of Idyll in general. There are some animals such as foxes, bobcats, badgers,
wolves, brown bears, fallow dears, red squirrels, etc.; and some birds such as francolins
in the woodlands. There are hares, quails, larks in steppe plains; and there are some
animals such as otters, water rats, beavers, etc. and some birds such as ducks and gooses
on the banks of rivers. There are abundant fish in the rivers and lakes.
The dominant climate in Chuvashistan is the continental climate with the cool summers. The
winters are long and fairly cold. The weather that starts to get warm in the spring
becomes normal in June. Frosts can be observed in the middle of May. The average
temperature in summer is 18-20 C°. The period to produce leaves is 180 days and the
annual rainfall is 485 mm.
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