It is seen
that migration help the increase of economical activities in Ottoman Empire. According to
researches on Ottoman economical history, general production, and particulary agricultural
production, increased to an important volume between 1885-1912 during which the migration
movement reached its peak. In these years, government also increased both its gold stocks
and investments, while there had been important developments in education and medical
fields. Strong and rooted religious and political ties
overcome the cultural and linguistic differences between the immigrants and native
settlers of Anatolia. This helped to establish a joint unity under a sole cultural and
political identity. The cultural effects of this migration lasted more than a hundred
years and its political reflections have an important role in world history. The role of
immigrants in developing Islamism, Turanism and later Nationalism trends should ever be
taken into consideration for understanding the cultural and ideological movements in
Ottoman society. Among these immigrant groups, there were also well educated and
intellectual people having a leadership role in groups, as well as ordinary Muslims. Some
of these rooted families had sent their childer to Istanbul for education.
Some of them had such a conscious that they sent their
children to schools in Moscov, Vien, Paris and Berlin. The children of these immigrant
families later had importand and leader positions both at the Ottoman universities and
other institutions as well as the cultural life of the society. These young intellectuals
had not only got the high education and nobleness sense but also the deep enmity against
Russia and a great yearning to their homeland taken away. Being a member of Caucasian
Muridism in Daghestan which is symbolized by Imam Shamil, some important Islam scientists
and mentors fram Khazan which is the one of the prominent cultural centers of Islam world
with a root to 10th century, also attended and even directed the migration movement. taşıyorlardı.
Many Islam mentors remind us to call this migration as
“hicret - exodus”, among them are; Uzbek origin Siberian Turk Abdurreshid Ibrahim, an
important mentor and traveler, who called the Japanese to Islam and helped to establish
Islam Group in Japan, and whom Mehmet Akif invited for a speech at Suleymaniye Rostrum;
Nakshi Sheikh Omar Ziyaudding Daghestani, born in Dahgestan in 1849, who became a
murshid after coming to Istanbul and joining to Ahmet Ziyaüddün Gumushani after fihting
against Russians in Daghestan for years with Sheikh Shamil and his son Ghazi
Mohammed Pasha; Nakshi Sheikh Abdulaziz Bekkine from Khakan, who was prosperity for many
Anatolian intellectuals like Nurettin Topcu; Mehmet Zahid Kotku, who was from an immigrant
Daghestan family settled in Bursa in 1892 and who continued to enlighten his students
until his death on 13rd November 1980; Omar Hulusi Daghestani, one of the last
Ottoman Sheikh ul-Islam and many others.
|
